世界上语种最多的4个国家

2015-06-04 百度翻译 百度翻译
想象一下如果你生活在一个多语种的国家，并且会说好几种语言，是不是一件炫酷到没朋友的事情？今天小译就带大家了解一下世界上语种最多的四个国家。
Many countries around the globe have populations who speak multiple languages. But in the most multilingual nations, everyone is at least trilingual and many people can converse fluently in four or five tongues, sometimes using multiple languages in the same conversation (or even in the same sentence).
世界上很多国家，人们会讲多种语言。但在那些语种最多的国家里，每个人至少能说3种语言，许多人能流利地用4到5种语言交流，有时人们还会在同一对话中（甚至在同一个句子里）使用到不同的语言。
Aruba

阿鲁巴


Aruba sits in the far southern Caribbean, near Venezuela. Because it is one of the “constituent countries” that make up the Kingdom of the Netherlands, Dutch is an official language and is taught in all schools. Both English and Spanish are also required languages in Aruba's education system, and most students become fluent by the time they finish school. English is widely used because of the busy tourist industry on Aruba and Spanish because of the island's proximity to Venezuela.
阿鲁巴坐落在加勒比海的最南端，靠近委内瑞拉。由于它是荷兰王国成员国，所以荷兰语是其官方语言之一，并且所有的学校都会教授荷兰语。在阿鲁巴的教育系统中，英语和西班牙语都是必修的，大多数学生毕业时都能够流利地使用这两种语言。阿鲁巴繁荣的旅游业使英语得到了广泛的使用，又因为临近委内瑞拉，所以西班牙语也是其常用语言之一。
However, none of these three tongues is considered the native language of Aruba. On the street and at home, locals communicate with one another in Papiamento, a creole language based on Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch and English. Papiamento is an official language alongside Dutch, and it is used regularly in the media and in government.
尽管如此，以上提到的三种语言都不是阿鲁巴本土语言。无论是公众场合还是在家里，当地人交流所用的都是帕皮阿门托语，一种以葡萄牙语、西班牙语、荷兰语和英语为基础的混合语。帕皮阿门托语与荷兰语一同被视为当地的官方语言，媒体和政府也经常使用帕皮阿门托语。
Malaysia

马来西亚


Despite having fewer “official” languages, Malaysia is, in many ways, more multilingual than neighboring Singapore. Everyone can speak the official tongue, Malay. Most people are fluent in English, which is a compulsory subject in school and is widely spoken in cities. A creolized English known as Manglish is used on the streets.
尽管没有那么多“官方”语言，但相比起邻国新加坡，马来西亚从很多方面来看都拥有更多语种。马来人都会说其官方语言——马来语。由于英语是学校的必修课程，并且在城市的普及率很高，因此大多数人都能熟练地使用英语。还有一种混合了马来语的英语，被称为“马式英语”，也常见于街头巷尾。
Malaysians whose ancestors came from India can speak their familial language in addition to Malay and English. Chinese Malays learn Mandarin in school, but most also speak other dialects (such as Cantonese, Hokkien and Hakka) at home or on the street. In big cities like Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Johor Bahru, it is not uncommon to find Chinese Malaysians who can speak two or three Chinese dialects in addition to Malay and English.
印度裔马来人除了马来语和英语，他们还能说家族语言。华裔马来人在学校会学普通话，但他们中的大多数人在家里或公众场合中也会使用其他的方言（比如广东话、闽南语和客家话）。在吉隆坡、槟城和新山市这类大城市，经常可以看到华裔马来人除了说马来语和英语，还会说2到3种汉语方言。
South Africa

南非


South Africa has a whopping 11 official languages. In urban areas throughout the country, English is a lingua franca. It is also the main language of the government and media, even though less than 10 percent of South African's speak it as a first language. Afrikaans, a Germanic tongue similar to Dutch, is spoken in the southern and western regions of the country.
南非的官方语言有11种之多。在这个国家的各个城镇，英语是通用语言。尽管只有不到10%的南非人把英语作为母语，英语仍是南非政府和媒体使用的主要语言。而在南非的西部和南部地区使用的则是阿非利堪斯语，一种类似荷兰语的日耳曼语言。
South Africa has nine official Bantu languages; Zulu and Xhosa — the native language of Nelson Mandela — are the most prominent. The most distinguishing trait of some of these languages is their “clicking” consonant sound. Many South Africans speak English, the language of their homeland and whatever language is dominant in the area where they live. Though they might not be completely fluent, many people can converse in three or more tongues.

南非有9种官方班图语。其中，祖鲁语和科萨语—南非前总统纳尔逊•曼德拉的母语——使用率最高。就班图语的一部分语言分支来说，它们最显著的特点就是有“咔哒咔哒”发声的辅音。许多南非人会说英语、故乡的语言以及当地最盛行的语言。很多人能够使用3种甚至更多的语言进行交流，尽管并不一定很流利。

Mauritius

毛里求斯


This island nation in the Indian Ocean is usually considered part of Africa. The population has to learn English and French in school. All Mauritians are fluent in both these languages, but neither is the primary language on the street.
印度洋上的这个岛国常常被视为非洲的一部分。毛里求斯人读书时会学习英语和法语。虽然所有的毛里求斯人都能流利地使用这两种语言，但其实它们都不是日常生活中最常见的语种。
Mauritian Creole, a French-based creole that is incomprehensible to French-speakers, is spoken by everyone on the islands and is the first language of most people. A number of Mauritians of Indian descent speak Bhojpuri, a dialect of Hindi, while descendants of other immigrants from as far as Chinese have some knowledge of their ancestral tongue as well. So virtually all Mauritians can speak three languages, and many speak four fluently.
毛里求斯克里奥尔语——一个以法语为基础，但是连法国人也无法听懂的混合语，是这个岛国多数人的第一语言，人人都在使用。许多有印度血统的毛里求斯人会使用比哈尔语，印地语的方言之一。而其他移民的后裔，比如来自遥远中国的移民，则会对他们祖先的语言有一定的了解。所以实际上，所有的毛里求斯人都可以流利地说3种语言，有些人甚至能说4种。

本文由百度翻译&北语高翻联合独家翻译出品。

译者：潘鑫 校对：RobWilliam 编辑：媛媛

文章来源：MNN